There were several reasons for the popularity of minimal techno and
house in the late 90s and early 00s. For one, a lot of electronic
club music of the preceding years was quite boisterous. Its
ingredients and purpose was often not exactly subtle, satisfying
clubbers and listeners that emerged from the acid house and rave days
with direct signals and relentless dancefloor dynamics. And as soon
as a sound becomes too dominant in the club scene, there is a
reaction, and alternatives develop, and as it happened with the
minimal approach they might even take over what was happening before
and become dominant as well. And a freshly initiated influx of
dancers and listeners had also come with different musical
requirements. While the big room and big festival acts like Prodigy
and the Chemical Brothers converted a rock clientele to the dance
floor, a lot of people who earlier preferred less heavier independent
rock music fell in love with the early Detroit minimal techno
prototypes by Robert Hood , Jeff Mills, Richie Hawtin and Daniel
Bell, and its more dubbed out counterparts around the Berlin
conglomerate of Basic Channel and its affiliated labels, or Wolfgang
Voigt with his Profan and Studio 1 imprints in Cologne, or Force Inc.
and later Perlon in Frankfurt or Säkhö in Finland, or Peter Ford‘s
Ifach and Trelik labels. Furthermore the club scene itself went
through changes. Budget airlines stormed the market and made
travelling to parties affordable, new open air venues and festivals
entered the circuit but they had to make concessions to surrounding
areas and embraced a sound that was efficient without significantly
loud and low end sound systems. Also drugs like ketamine or GHB
became popular and their users liked a sound that was more reduced,
hypnotic and subtle. And soon enough minimal techno crossed over to
house as well, and was out to conquer.
Right
in the centre of these developments was the Frankfurt imprint
Playhouse founded by Ata and Heiko M/S/O, which began as the housier
end of parent label Ongaku Musik, along with its fellow sub label
Klang Elektronik. It put artists like Ricardo Villalobos on the map,
as well as Isolée or Roman Flügel with his Roman IV or Soylent
Green aliases, and they reinterpreted house music with a lot of
attention to details, abstraction, reduction and repetition. Peter
Kremaier aka Losoul was arguably the most defining artist in the
label‘s early stages, and his productions had a signature sound
that is still unique. He probably was inspired by the layering
experiments of DJ Pierre‘s wild pitch sound or the immersive deep
house of Ron Trent and Chez Damier, but his own tracks soon took off
into their own creative zone. Beginning with 1996‘s „Open Door“
the following 12“ releases „Mandu“, „Don Disco De Super
Bleep“, and „Synchro“ were masterclasses in dancefloor
mesmerism. Over beats more pumping than those of his label peers,
subliminal percussion and chopped chords, he worked with
deconstructed disco and funk loops and occasional vocal samples that
were so perfectly captivating that he could ride them over extended
tracks that gradually introduced element after element with logical
patience, resulting in trips you felt should never stop. But by the
end of the 90s the structure of his tracks became less strict, and he
also explored different sounds on dark, bass heavy tracks like
„Ex.or.zis.mus“ or „Brother In Love“, to fine effect. It
seemed what was still needed was an album to round up this artistic
phase of his, before he would potentially venture into something new,
or different.
When
said album „Belong“ was then released in 2000, it came as
surprise to many of his followers. The opener „Taste Not Waste“
is deceiving, as it is a brooding punchy excursion that would not
have been out of place on the preceding 12“s, but already the
following track „Late Play“ is a weird off-centre sounding sketch
in comparison, hinting at the fact that the artist would not give
away the chance to represent more of his repertoire than his
trademark club stylings. „Resisting Curare“ takes up on the
quirkiness, albeit speedier, while „Overland“ is an eccentric and
playful take on the ever reliable Billie Jean groove, coming across
like a cross between the original groove and „Kaw-Liga“ by The
Residents, with extra weirdness. Then things take another unexpected
turn with „Sunbeams And The Rain“, which in my humble opinion is
one of the most astonishingly beautiful and sublime tracks ever to
merge deep house and techno. Only slightly erratic, this majectic
masterpiece is followed by the chunky slow groover „Position“,
which dubs down the proceedings before the sparsely tripping yet
funky „Depth Control“, another demonstration how much you can
achieve with just a few thought-out, gripping elements. Next is „You
Can Do“, which contains the sunniest loop Kremeier produced up to
that point, a spiralling, almost balearic melody which does not let
go for most of the track, thus resulting in another track you can
completely lose yourself in, although it achieves that typically
intense Losoul sensation with an untypical joyful mood. The last
track „Trust“ is a warped and chopped hip hop version of Bill
Withers‘ „Use Me“ that would grace any tape of later L.A.
beatmakers, and it makes you wonder what whole other sounds the
artist might have left in the vaults.
Although
Losoul has continued to drop releases of consistent quality, I think
„Belong“ marks the end of a certain era, in which he acted as a
true solitaire, even among likeminded and similarly talented cohorts.
To me it seems that only shortly after the imaginative ideas of the
minimal techno and house of those years time soon were often forsaken
for a sound that was already looming, more eager to please, and less
interesting to listen and dance to, however exceptions might prove
the rule. But it is undeniable that here lies the foundation for
many backlashes and resurgences to come.
Chicago‘s DJ Pierre already had the credentials to be responsible for a lasting sound revolution in club music when he, together with Earl “Spanky” Smith Jr., and Herbert “Herb J” Jackson as Phuture, tweaked the knobs of the Roland TB-303 and came up with the squelching sounds that defined acid house. But regular visits to the seminal Wild Pitch parties put on by Bobby Konders and Greg Day in early 90s New York City inspired him to reinvent himself once again, and again with lasting consequences. The Wild Pitch parties consisted of several rooms with different musical agendas between reggae, disco, hip hop, house and techno. Pierre’s idea was to gather the diverse styles played into one track, but by applying a structure that stepped away from the traditions of club music functionality. Over the course of tracks often hitting or passing the 10 minute mark, he opted for a gradual introduction of a track’s key elements. Starting with the kick drum, every further sound was slowly and patiently layered onto another on a rolling groove, heaping up the intensity step by step until a climactic release. This may not read as being revolutionary, but it was executed so skillfully that it shook up the foundations of house, introducing a level of upbuilding tension and a hypnotic quality that was yet unheard of. And it also led to Pierre becoming one the most in-demand remixers in the years to come. Here is a guide to some classics and overlooked gems that defined wild pitch.
Photon Inc. Feat. Paula Brion – Generate Power (Wild Pitch Mix) (Strictly Rhythm, 1991)
The ground zero of the genre, and all the key elements are already there: the waddling groove, the standing strings, the stab repetition, the signalling vocal samples. The upbuilding structure was not as refined yet, but the intensity level sure was. This track literally ran over house music in its release year, and Pierre obviously noticed that he was onto something.
DJ Pierre – Muzik (The Tribal Wild Pitch Mix) (Strictly Rhythm, 1992)
DJ Pierre often said in interviews that wild pitch was inspired by his own DJing preferences of sneaking in elements of other tracks in long blends. „Muzik“ is a perfect example for that. Just check how its elements fade in and out, are repeated, modulated, replaced, continued and layered. It is a master class in structure.
Divided in four parts segued into another and add up to 15 breathtaking minutes, this track tore through dancefloors with a massive boom still seeking comparison. Yet it is actually clocking at 120 bpm, proving that pace does not equal heaviness. And it builds and builds. Someplace else, Chez Damier and Ron Trent were taking notes.
In discussion with rRoxymore on “KMS 049 B1” by Chez Damier (1993).
What was the first time you heard this track?
I think I heard that track on a recorded DJ mix that was often played in a local radio where I grew up. It was a mix by Darren Emerson, if I remember correctly, recorded during one of these epic raves at that time. Eventually I had that mix recorded on a tape myself, and I was playing it from time to time in my teenage bedroom after school or on weekends. This was in the mid 90’s I think. I never knew who was the producer of the track at that time, I discovered it years after.
Why does it stand out for you? What makes it so special?
It brings me right back to my raving teenage years, just listening to that tape in my bedroom. I think what has always caught me in that track is that gimmick, the weeping sound of the chords, it sounds almost like breathing, and also it is difficult to identify how that sound has been made. Is it the sound of a keyboard chords, or strings, or voices mixed with strings and something else? It has always been a mystery for me and and it still is. That sound, which is obviously the signature of the track, has an unusual character. It is almost some sound design. Even though I guess it is a just preset on a synth, haha. It has always stood out from the dance music production of that time and still is. Maybe because it makes it more difficult to categorize it. Just compare it to the A side which is obviously a House music track. The B side is much more ambiguous stylistically in terms of aesthetics. Is it House music or is it Techno music? That is why I like it so much.
The A-side of this record is probably as legendary. Do you like it as well?
Yes I like it too, but for me it sounds definitely more like a classic House track. Even though, as you said, it became legendary. Read the rest of this entry »
In Sync – Storm (E.R.P. Reinvention) Skanfrom – Perseids Over Greenwich Grant – Hopes Die Slowly Terekke – Untitled Mike Huckaby – Analog Tape & Things Jack J – Something (On Your Mind) Ron Trent – Traveler Melchior Productions LTD – Sometimes Jeff Mills – The Advent Population One – Out Of Control Don Papa – Done (Piano) SVN & Porn Sword Tobacco – Fresh II Wada – Deep Sea Diver Pt.2 The It – Utopian Dream The Exaltics – Infinite Dimensions E-GZR – B1 AU Feat. Paleo – It Takes Time Anthony Naples – Perro Magnesii – Philopon 909 Zennor – Storms MGUN – Risqué Willie Burns & Jordan GCZ – Fanatic 2 Hodge – Flashback Twwth – Need A Refix Taal Mala – White Label Renegade (Grenier Refix) Benton – The Callin’ Dusk + Blackdown – Wicked Vibez (Horsepower O-G Remix) Mirror – Trialtwo Chevel – Harsh Times (Happa Remix) Sleaford Mods – Slug Tub Beam Up – Zweimal Steppers Burnt Friedman w/ Daniel Dodd-Ellis – Cycles Barnt – Under His Own Name But Also As Sir Geena – Niagara Galleries Brian Harden – Tour D Chi Naphta – Circles Laurent – Untitled Devin Dare – Alright Golf Clap – Show You (Andres Remix) Glenn Underground Feat. Charles Matlock – The Isms (Lil Louis Dub)
I wanted to do a mix that was more mid tempo. A revolutionary concept for me at that time, believe me.
NRSB-11 – 685-471 2 Shades Of Rhythm – Exorcist Eric B & Rakim – Follow The Leader Sugar Bear – Don’t Scandalize Mine Mr. Fingers – What About Is Love (Even Deeper Mix) DJ Sotofett Presents Bhakti Crew – Sunrise Mix Four Tet – Love Cry Cos Ber Zam – Ne Noya (Daphni Mix) Olonga – Feel The Melody Far Out Disco Monster Orchestra – Keep Believing (Can You Feel It) (SS Translation By Theo Parrish) Joe – MB James Din A 4 – Untitled MM / KM – Birds Flying In The Sun Like U Know How Magazine – Happen Nearly Ra.H – Spacepops Dreesvn – Untitled Tase – Oh Boy Duplex – Below The Photic Zone Electribe 101 – You’re Walking (Ambient Groove Mix) Tommye – I Need To Go Away (Principle Theory Version) Specter – Do You Really Know? Ron Trent – Pop, Dip And Spin The Detroit Experiment – Think Twice Larry Heard Presents Ona King – Premonition Of Lost Love (Extended Adult Mix) Ethyl Meatplow – Queenie (MK Vox Mix) Designer Imposter – Good News (Pink Alert‘s Good News Remix) Stephanie Mills – All Day, All Night (Def Mix) Inner City – Hallelujah (Spiritual Sample Mix) Pressure Drop – You’re Mine Kathy Diamond – Over Soul 223 – Almost Like It Used To Be Crusho – Someone To Love (Crusho TR Treatment) Xosar – Elixir Of Dreams John Beltran – Placid Angles Michaela Mélian – Convention Swing Out Sister – Notgonnachange (Classic Club Mix)
The first of a series of mixes that contain records I most played at my residency at Tanzdiele club in my hometown Kiel, from 1995 to 2001. The artworks are from a fake newspaper form the future that we made for a sci-fi themed night once.
Doctor Mix And The Remix – Out of the Question (1979)
A lot of the music we’ve picked out to discuss comes from a similar background in terms of time period, style and sound, but I think this one is pretty obscure. How did you find it?
Through a friend of mine. There’s a label in New York called Acute Records maybe eight years ago or so. A few of my friends in California are really obsessed with The Jesus and Mary Chain, and one of the members of the band mentioned once that this was one of their favourite records of all time. The thing I like about it is the extremity of the music. It’s super high-pitched, with distortion and tinny drum machines but then it’s covers of, like, Stooges songs.
This track in particular has this really insane, rhythmic track that’s super metronomic but super heavy at the same time. It’s very aggressive, but not because of the levels of distortion. The first time I heard it I thought I was listening to [The Jesus and Mary Chain’s] Psycho Candy. The more I looked into it, the more I realized how much of an influence it had on them.
It’s funny. The Jesus and Mary Chain were always compared to The Velvet Underground, but apparently there’s much more to it than that.
Sure. There’s not a lot of stuff like this. The guy was in one of the first French punk bands. And, with this, they kind of combined the attitude of the Velvets with these misinterpretations from a different country. I love that because, for me, techno in California was always a misinterpretation of what was happening in Berlin and Detroit and Chicago just because we didn’t really have a big scene. We had a club scene, but not a techno scene. I just really love the weird interpretations of The Stooges and stuff like that.
Are you interested in bands that deconstruct rock tradition in some way?
At the end of the day it’s all about attitude. Willing to push things a lot and not really care. It was the same when I first heard Cabaret Voltaire’s “Messages Received.” I just didn’t know what to say, I was blown away. I thought, “It doesn’t get any more honest than that.” I think that’s the whole thing. There’s an honesty in the music that you can’t remove. There’s a visceral element to it. That’s how myself, Karl [O’Connor], Dave [Sumner] and even Pete [Sutton] interpret music in some way I think.
Cabaret Voltaire – Messages Received (1980)
There was a very heavy art slant on what Cabaret Voltaire did. I think it’s very, very art driven. They’d also have the influence of The Velvet Underground and all that ’60s psych rock, but they’d do all these awesome records and what came through the most was the attitude. “This is what I wanna do, this is how I’m gonna do it.” And they just went for it.
Is that a quality you try to pursue? Not thinking about what you can or can’t do?
Yeah, I talk to Karl every other day on the telephone, we’re in very heavy contact on a weekly basis, same thing with Dave. But it’s funny because when I make music it’s purely to see what he thinks, just for us to discuss… “Oh, I really like this. What do you think?” It’s more a conversation from an art base. I try to work in a very automatic response way. I work in art direction, so I work quite a bit on TV commercials and magazines and stuff like that. So when I work on music it’s usually very late at night and I have to work in headphones, so it’s usually like a weird mantra type state, kinda conscious and unconscious, while I’m working.
It’s nice because there’s a sense that I’m not really thinking about anything particularly. I’m able to work on music in that mindframe where I’m doing it purely just because I want to see what I can come up with. In a more artistic sense, sometimes I will make a visual and we will work to the visual. Like with the artwork for the album. That was made first. Then we made a record that matched that.
For labels like Factory, design labels were incredibly important. They were, in many cases, as important as the music.
When you get that double impact of visual and audio, you’re like, “Wow, this is really intense.” Cabaret Voltaire for me has always done that. All the artwork on their covers. The early ones especially had that handmade element, which I’m sure was some of the guys in the band literally cutting things out by hand and assembling collages. Read the rest of this entry »
Welcome to the final chapter of the Druffalo Rave Chronicles. In sharp contrast to the usual brouhaha surrounding the city’s contributions to club music history there is no particular reason why we conclude the series with Chicago. It’s just the one we still had left for release, and we wanted to stop before we were even tempted to invent rave scenes that don’t really exist (given that all of it was a very subjective D*ruffalo take on the rave phenomenon anyway). So, as sad as it may be, we would like to kiss the rave goodbye with some real Windy City classics, and this is the way we jack the house…
K.A. Posse – Dig This (Underground) Robert Armani – Circus Bells (Dance Mania) The Housefactors – Play It Loud (Black Market International) Armando – We’re On The Move (Warehouse) DJ Pierre– Drive Me In Your Car (Jive) M.D.3. – The Pressure Cooker (Underground) 326 – Falling (Muzique) Brian Harris – H2O (Chicago Underground) Lil’ Louis – Music Takes U away (Dance Mania) Qx-1 – On A Journey (Rhythm Beat) Pizarro – Suelta Mé (Gosa-Lo) Mix Masters – In The Mix (DJ International) Liz Torres – Payback Is A Bitch (Jive) Lil’ Louis – Frequency (Dance Mania) Steve Poindexter – Computer Madness (Muzique) Vitamin B – You Make Me Feel (Rhythm Beat) Two For Soul – The Music’s Taken Over Me (Future Sound) 2 Houss People – Baby Wants To Move You (Gherkin) Myoshi Morris – Muzik (Rockin’ House) Armando – 100% Of Dissin’ You (Warehouse) Steve Poindexter – Work That Motherfucker (Muzique) The Dance Kings – Climb The Walls (Dance Mania) Terry Hunter – Madness (Muzique) Risque 3 – Essence Of A Dream (Stride) Mike Dearborn – New Dimension (Muzique) Ron Trent – The Afterlife (Djax) Da Posse – In The Life (Republic) North/Clybourn – O Ban 1 (Gherkin) Fingers Inc. – Bye Bye (Jack Trax)
Die Faszination der Labels Prescription und Balance ist weiterhin ungebrochen. Erfolgreiche Reissues, irrsinnige Online-Marketplace-Preise und zahllose Versuche des internationalen Nachwuchses in unterschiedlicher Fallhöhe, die Magie der klassischen Veröffentlichungen für das eigene Profil abzuwaschen, künden immer aufs Neue davon und selbst das lange Schweigen von Chez Damier und Ron Trents fortwährende Abstecher ins jazzig-spirituelle Dudel-Muckertum ließen den Glanz ihrer Großtaten nie verblassen. Es erscheint mir etwas sinnlos aus dem Katalog eines der klassischsten Deep-House-Labels den definitiven Klassiker zu bestimmen, da hat jeder seine eigene Geschichte (wen es dennoch interessiert, bei mir wäre es “Forever Monna“, aus verschiedensten Gründen). Also soll es hier um “The Nature Of Retribution“ gehen, aus dem einfachen Grund, dass diese Platte zum Zeitpunkt ihres Erscheinens 1995 eine Art Rückschau auf die eigenen Karrieren war, und gleichzeitig alles aufwies, was diese zumindest im Kanon von Deep House für immer andauern lassen wird. Alles was des Afficionados Kultdetektor fuchsig macht, ist hier vertreten: Die Platte verzichtet vollkommen auf Credits. Keine Titel, keine Autoren, nix. Wozu auch, es ist offensichtlich wer und was hier dahinter steckt. In neuen Versionen schaut Chez Damier noch mal bei seiner legendären 49 auf KMS und Chuggles vorbei, und Ron Trent bei Nagual. Dazu gibt es noch einen für sie typischen, luftigen House-Gospel, der vermutlich eine Gemeinschaftsproduktion ist. Was sich hier wie eine relativ profane Vorgehensweise einer überschaubaren Werkschau liest, versammelt jedoch eine Ansammlung von Tracks, die bis heute alles in den Staub schmettern was ihren Weg kreuzt, in Neuversionen, die mindestens in der Lage sind das Gleiche anzurichten. A1 ist eine geradezu frustrierende Lehrstunde darin, mit wie wenig man wie viel erreichen kann. Ein Beat, ein paar Akkorde, ein versprengtes Vocal-Sample. Fertig ist das Meisterstück, auch wenn es, wie auch schon bei früheren Tracks der Labels der Fall, hier in einer Kürze zum Verzweifeln fast nur skizziert wird. A2 ist der wilde Ritt zur Disco-Himmelspforte, bis zur Atemlosigkeit vorangetrieben, de- und rekonstruiert aus Sample-Versatzstücken des klassischen Disco-Erbes und den Insignien des eigenen Stils. Auch eine Lehrstunde, nur mit anderem Inhalt. Wo tue ich was hin, damit es wie funktioniert? Im Ergebnis wieder ein Meisterstück. B2 ist dann schließlich die noch eine geniale Lektion, und zwar in Sachen hypnotischer Eindringlichkeit. Wild Pitch trifft auf Dub trifft auf Chicago-Bounce, keiner der drei war danach wie er vorher war, und der Hörer, glücklich verloren im Sog, schon gar nicht. All das veröffentlichten Damier und Trent in einem ausgesprochenen House-Krisenjahr mit wenig Konkurrenz auf Augenhöhe, was die Wirkung und Verehrung folglich noch erheblich potenzierte. Und so rechtfertigen sich auch mindestens die nächsten 14 Jahre Kult- und Legendenstatus.
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